Longitudinal trends in parent-reported child sleep, physical activity, and screen use during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City

Objective:To examine trends in child sleep, physical activity, and screen use during the COVID-19 pandemic in New York City with a prospective, longitudinal online survey of parents recruited from a large medical center. Methods:Data was collected Spring 2020 ("Complete Shutdown") and Fall 2020 ("Partial Shutdown"). Outcomes were parental perceptions about changes in child sleep, physical activity, and screen time compared to before COVID-19; and contemporaneous measures of these child behaviors. We report contemporaneous responses and paired analyses to describe longitudinal changes. Results:Two hundred seventy-seven participants were surveyed during Complete Shutdown and 227 (81.9%) filled out a follow-up survey during Partial Shutdown. The largest percentage of parents at both time points perceived no change in child sleep, decreases in child exercise, and increases in child screen time. In paired analyses, perceptions shifted toward less sleep, more physical activity and less screen time from Complete Shutdown to Partial Shutdown. Conclusion:COVID-19 had negative impacts on child health behaviors that did not resolve over a 6-month period despite partial reopenings.