Gene editing and therapy in acquired and inherited cardiovascular disorders

Gene editing and therapy holds immense promise in addressing cardiovascular disorders by enabling precise modifications to the genetic groundworks of these conditions. This technology offers a targeted approach to correct or mitigate not only the genetic mutations that are responsible for inherited cardiovascular diseases, such as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), but also in controlling and regulating the genes in conditions that are age-related or that arise due to unnecessary gene activity, which often lack effective treatments. By editing the relevant genes, we aim to reduce disease severity, improve heart function, prevent future episodes and potentially improve the health span. Recent trials involving gene therapy and gene editing in cardiovascular disorders have revolutionized treatment strategies, offering hope for patients with genetic predispositions to heart and vessel-related ailments and advancing the pursuit for more personalized and effective therapies. In this review, we have consolidated the genetic mutations causing cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) followed by latest advancements in the gene editing technologies and their therapeutic implications along with involved ethical challenges and risk factors.