Recent advances in the synthesis and catalytic applications of metal-organic framework/covalent organic framework composites

The unique characteristics of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic Frameworks (COFs), such as structural tunability, high specific surface area, and highly organized pores, have led to their widespread application in catalysis. Notably, it is possible to significantly enhance the catalytic characteristics of MOFs or COFs by elaborately integrating them together to overcome the flaws in individual MOFs and COFs, which has been receiving increasing attention. This review starts with a brief overview of the current development of MOF/COF-based catalyst and relative synthetic approaches, followed by a comprehensive and systematic analysis of their applications in photocatalysis, thermocatalysis, and electrocatalysis, involving photocatalytic water splitting, photocatalytic redox reaction, photocatalytic degradation, conventional thermocatalytic redox reaction, and electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction. After the above discussion, the prospects and challenges of MOF/COF composites are also proposed.