Adverse childhood experiences and cognition: A cross-sectional study in Xhosa people living with schizophrenia and matched medical controls

被引:2
作者
Andreo-Jover, Jorge [1 ,2 ]
Wootton, Olivia [3 ]
Fernandez-Jimenez, Eduardo [1 ,4 ,5 ,13 ]
Munoz-Sanjose, Ainoa [1 ,4 ]
Mediavilla, Roberto [2 ,6 ,7 ]
Bravo-Ortiz, Maria Fe [1 ,2 ,4 ,5 ]
Susser, Ezra [8 ,9 ]
Gur, Ruben C. [10 ]
Stein, Dan J. [11 ,12 ]
机构
[1] Hosp La Paz, Inst Hlth Res IdiPAZ, Madrid, Spain
[2] Univ Autonoma Madrid UAM, Dept Psychiat, Madrid, Spain
[3] Univ Cape Town, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Psychiat & Mental Hlth, Cape Town, South Africa
[4] La Paz Univ Hosp, Dept Psychiat Clin Psychol & Mental Hlth, Madrid, Spain
[5] Univ Europea Madrid, Fac Social Sci & Commun, Madrid, Spain
[6] Inst Salud Carlos III, Ctr Invest Biomed Red Salud Mental CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
[7] Hosp Univ La Princesa IIS Princesa, Inst Invest Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain
[8] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY USA
[9] New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY USA
[10] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Brain Behav Labs, Philadelphia, PA USA
[11] Univ Cape Town, South African Med Res Council, Dept Psychiat, Unit Risk & Resilience Mental Disorders, Cape Town, South Africa
[12] Univ Cape Town, Neurosci Inst, Cape Town, South Africa
[13] Univ Europea Madrid, Fac Social Sci & Commun, Tajo S-N, Madrid 28670, Spain
关键词
Schizophrenia; Adverse Childhood Experiences; Non-social cognition; Social Cognition; Low-Middle Income Countries; Computerized Neurocognitive Battery; COMPUTERIZED NEUROCOGNITIVE BATTERY; PSYCHOSIS; NEGLECT; TRAUMA; IMPACT; MALTREATMENT; PERFORMANCE; VALIDATION; ABUSE; IQ;
D O I
10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152459
中图分类号
R749 [精神病学];
学科分类号
100205 ;
摘要
Background: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with impaired cognitive function in adult life in the general population as well as in people living with schizophrenia (PLS). Research on cognitive function in PLS in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) is, however, limited. The objectives of this study were to investigate the association between ACE types and various cognitive domains in a sample of PLS and matched medical controls, and to determine the moderating effect of group membership (PLS vs. medical controls) on these associations, in the South African setting. Methods: Participants (n PLS = 520; n medical controls = 832) completed the Childhood Trauma QuestionnaireShort Form, the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I), and the University of Pennsylvania Computerized Neurocognitive Battery (PennCNB). An efficiency or speed score was used to assess performance across 9 cognitive domains. The association between exposure to different ACE types and 9 cognitive domains was examined using partial correlations and multiple linear regression models, adjusting for sex, age and education years. Finally, potential moderating effects of group membership (PLS vs. medical controls) on the association between ACEs and cognitive domains were tested. Results: In the entire sample, emotional and physical abuse predicted worse performance on sensorimotor and emotion identification domains. Also, emotional abuse was negatively associated with motor function, physical abuse was negatively associated with spatial processing, and physical neglect was negatively associated with face memory and emotion identification. In contrast, emotional neglect was related to better performance on abstraction and mental flexibility. No moderating effect of group membership was found on any of these associations. Conclusion: Exposure to ACEs was associated with social and non -social cognition in adulthood, although the magnitude of these relationships was small and similar between PLS and matched medical controls. The nature of these associations differed across ACE subtype, suggesting the need for a nuanced approach to studying a range of mechanisms that may underlie different associations. However, a number of ACE subtypes were associated with worse performance on emotional identification, indicating that some underlying mechanisms may have more transversal impact. These findings contribute to the sparse body of literature on ACEs and cognition in PLS in LMIC.
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页数:7
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