Exosomal circRNAs in gastrointestinal cancer: Role in occurrence, development, diagnosis and clinical application (Review)

Gastrointestinal cancer is frequently detected at an advanced stage and has an undesirable prognosis due to the absence of efficient and precise biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Exosomes are small, living-cell-derived vesicles that serve a critical role in facilitating intercellular communication by transporting molecules from donor cells to receiver cells. circular RNAs (circRNAs) are mis-expressed in a variety of diseases, including gastrointestinal cancer, and are promising as diagnostic biomarkers and tumor therapeutic targets for gastrointestinal cancer. The main features of exosomes and circRNAs are discussed in the present review, along with research on the biological function of exosomal circRNAs in the development and progression of gastrointestinal cancer. It also assesses the advantages and disadvantages of implementing these findings in clinical applications.