DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION OF OMEGA-3 FATTY ACIDS COULD BE USED AS AN ADJUNCT THERAPY TO NONSURGICAL PERIODONTAL TREATMENT

Subjects or Study SelectionThis systematic review and meta-analysis included studies with patients with moderate to untreated advanced chronic severe periodontitis with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus ( > 2 years). They were recruited from various clinics, including respective hospitals or universities in countries such as Egypt, India, Brazil, and Poland. Exclusion criteria included pregnant women and patients who had antibiotics within the last 3 months before the interventions.Key Study FactorThis systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the effects of omega-3 fatty acids supplementation on periodontal clinical parameters, primarily clinical attachment level (CAL) and periodontal probing depth (PPD). All studies had to include a dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation adjunctive to nonsurgical periodontal treatment in cohorts aged 40-58 years. Gender distribution was not reported in some studies included, whilst some included only females or both genders. One study specifically included postmenopausal women with an average age of 50 years). All 8 studies included are parallel randomized controlled trials. The type of fish oil supplementation used in the studies included mainly EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) and DHA (docosahexaenoic acid), which are long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3s), quantities ranging from 700 mg to 3000 mg with or without other supplementation (eg, alkylglycerols, squalene, Vitamin A and D3) or medication (low dose aspirin: 75 mg-100 mg). The duration of from 8 to 26 weeks.