The relationship of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde levels with left ventricular geometry and function in patients with primary hypertension

Introduction: To investigate the relationship of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels with left ventricular geometry (LVG) and function in patients with primary hypertension (PH). Methods: A total of 222 PH patients and 25 healthy control (HC)s were enrolled in this study. All subjects underwent echocardiography and blood biochemical examination. PH patients were divided into four groups based on Ganau classification: normal geometry (NG) group, concentric remodeling (CR) group, eccentric hypertrophy (EH) group, and concentric hypertrophy (CH) group. Pearson correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between SOD and MDA with left ventricular structure and function. Results: Compared to the HC, NG and CR groups, MDA level was higher while SOD level was lower in the EH and CH groups (all P < 0.001). SOD level was negatively correlated with IVSd, LVDd, LVPW, and global longitudinal strain (GLS), but positively correlated with LVEF. MDA level was positively correlated with IVSd, LVPW, and GLS, while negatively correlated with e'/a' and LVEF. SOD and MDA were independently associated with CR (OR = 0.970, P = 0.003; OR = 1.204, P = 0.043), EH (OR = 0.879, P < 0.001; OR = 2.197, P = 0.001) and CH (OR = 0.796, P < 0.001; OR = 3.669, P < 0.001). Conclusion: The SOD and MDA levels were correlated with LVG and function in PH patients. SOD and MDA may be important influencing factors of LVG change.