Performance evaluation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell and air source heat pump system with energy storage for residential application

This paper combines the advantages of air source heat pumps and proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and analyses the dynamic performance, environmental benefits, and economic benefits of combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) systems combined with energy storage systems applied to residential buildings. The fuel cell voltage and heat model, air source heat pump (ASHP) model, and energy storage system model are developed in MATLAB. The results show that the problem of thermoelectric asynchrony and excess energy wastage can be solved by using the heat-following strategy with a battery and the electric-following strategy with a water tank. With the heat-following strategy in winter, the total thermodynamic efficiency of the system is 1.265, the carbon emission reduction is 6208.6 g, and the initial cost, operation cost, and maintenance cost are 6007$, 11.99$, and 300.35$, respectively. The efficiency of the system with the winter electric-following strategy is 1.284, the emission reduction is 6781.4 g, and the initial cost, operation cost, and maintenance cost are 7202.9$, 11.88$, and 360.14$, respectively. In summer with the electric-following strategy, the thermodynamic efficiency of the system is 1.514; the carbon reduction is 8,033.6 g. The initial cost, operation cost, and maintenance cost are 7,208.3$, 14.84$, and 360.42$.