Salt-Induced Doping and Templating of Laser-Induced Graphene Supercapacitors

被引:25
作者
Hawes, Gillian F. [1 ,2 ]
Verma, Priyanka [1 ,2 ]
Uceda, Marianna [1 ,2 ]
Karimi, Gholamreza [3 ]
Noremberg, Bruno S. [1 ,2 ]
Pope, Michael A. [1 ,2 ]
机构
[1] Univ Waterloo, Dept Chem Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
[2] Univ Waterloo, Waterloo Inst Nanotechnol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
[3] Univ Waterloo, Dept Mech & Mechatron Engn, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
基金
加拿大自然科学与工程研究理事会;
关键词
laser-induced graphene; supercapacitor; renewable; salt templating; poly(furfuryl alcohol); energy storage; HYDROTHERMAL CARBONIZATION; FURFURYL ALCOHOL; CAPACITANCE; REDUCTION; ELECTRODE; DEVICES; CARBON; LAYER;
D O I
10.1021/acsami.2c17476
中图分类号
TB3 [工程材料学];
学科分类号
0805 ; 080502 ;
摘要
The use of inexpensive and widely available CO2 lasers to selectively irradiate polymer films and form a graphene foam, termed laser-induced graphene (LIG), has incited significant research attention. The simple and rapid nature of the approach and the high conductivity and porosity of LIG have motivated its widespread application in electrochemical energy storage devices such as batteries and supercapacitors. However, nearly all high-performance LIG-based supercapacitors reported to date are prepared from costly, petroleum-based polyimide (Kapton, PI). Herein, we demonstrate that incorporating microparticles of inexpensive, non-toxic, and widely abundant sodium salts such as NaCl and Na2SO4 into poly(furfuryl alcohol) (PFA) resins enables the formation of high-performance LIG. The embedded particles aid in carbonization and act as a template for pore formation. While increasing both the carbon yield and surface area of the electrodes, the salt also dopes the LIG formed with S or Cl. The combination of these effects results in a two-to four-order-of-magnitude increase in device areal capacitance, from 8 mu F/cm2 for PFA/no salt at 5 mV/s to up to 80 mF/cm2 for some PFA/20% Na2SO4 samples at 0.05 mA/cm2, significantly higher than that of PI-based devices and most other LIG precursors.
引用
收藏
页码:10570 / 10584
页数:15
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