How are families in Germany doing in 2022? Study protocol of a nationally representative, cross-sectional study of parents with children aged 0-3 years

BackgroundIn order for Early Childhood Intervention (ECI) to be effective, data-based information on families' resources, burden and current use of support services for families with young children, as well as on children's health and development is needed. The study Kinder in Deutschland [Children in Germany]-KiD 0-3 2022 aims at providing these data to help us understand families' situation and needs in Germany now, including families' experience of the COVID-19 pandemic. MethodThe study will recruit up to 300 pediatricians who will invite parents of children aged up to 48 months to participate in the study during a well-child visit. Parents (goal N = 8,000) will complete an online-questionnaire with their own web-enabled device. Pediatricians will complete a short questionnaire about each participating family. The questionnaires cover family psychosocial burden and resources, child health and development, use of family support services, as well as the families' experiences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Data will be analyzed to assess patterns of families ' psychosocial burdens and resources, use of support services for families with young children, and children ' s health and development. Concordance between parent and pediatrician report will be assessed and comparisons with the predecessor study of 2015 will be drawn. DisseminationFindings will be disseminated through scientific conferences, open access peer-reviewed journals, and dissemination channels of the National Centre for Early Prevention. DiscussionThe present study will provide parent and pediatrician reports on how families with young children are doing in Germany. These data will be used to inform Germany's early childhood intervention (ECI) program ("Fruhe Hilfen") on current needs of families with young children.