Atomistic Model Study on Magnetic Properties of Permanent Magnets-Treatment of Thermal Fluctuation and Thermal Effects, and Future Perspective

We review atomistic spin model studies, a new approach for theoretical investigations, on magnetic properties of permanent magnets. In Lifshitz-Gilbert equation methods. We introduce how to treat thermal effects for static and dynamical properties using these methods. Focusing especially on neodymium permanent magnets, we discuss features of magnetization, domain wall, coercivity of a grain, nucleation and pinning fields, and dysprosium substitution effect, which were first elucidated with those methods. [doi:10.2320/jinstmet.JA202202]