Antifungal Effect of Acrylic Resin Denture Base Containing Different Types of Nanomaterials: A Comparative Study

Aim: Denture stomatitis is a frequent condition that has an influence on denture users' oral mucosa, and it is related to the presence of Candida albicans. Silver and titanium nanoparticles are antimicrobial agents with a broad spectrum of activity. This research sought to represent and compare the antifungal properties of acrylic resins modified with two concentrations of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and titanium-oxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) against a clinical isolate of C. albicans. Materials and Methods: One-hundred discs of acrylic resin specimens were classified into five groups based on nanoparticles' concentration: group A: unmodified acrylic resin; groups B1 and B2: modified by adding 0.5% and 1% AgNPs to the acrylic resin powder, respectively; groups C1 and C2: modified by adding 0.5% and 1% TiO2 NPs to the acrylic resin powder, respectively. The antimicrobial efficacy of different acrylic resin discs against C. albicans clinical isolates was assessed using disc agar diffusion and elution tests (surface-plate method). The analysis of variance test was employed to evaluate the data that differentiate among means of different groups at P <= 0.05 significance level. Results: The bioactivity and biomass of C. albicans biofilm reduced as the nanoparticle content rises; about 0.5%, 1% of AgNPs, and 1% TiO2 NPs exhibited higher antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects against C. albicans clinical isolates caused by inhibition zone and reduction of the colony counts. Conclusion: Acrylic resins modified by adding AgNPs or TiO2 NPs exhibited antimicrobial activity against C. albicans clinical isolates.