Analysis of factors influencing pancreatic fistula after minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy and establishment of a new prediction model for clinically relevant pancreatic fistula

BackgroundPostoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) is the most prevalent complications following minimally invasive pancreaticoduodenectomy (MIPD). Only one model related to MIPD exists, and previous POPF scoring prediction methods are based on open pancreaticoduodenectomy patients. Our objectives are to determine the variables that may increase the probability of pancreatic fistula following MIPD and to develop and validate a POPF predictive risk model.MethodsData from 432 patients who underwent MIPD between July 2015 and May 2022 were retrospectively collected. A nomogram prediction model was created using multivariate logistic regression analysis to evaluate independent factors for POPF in patients undergoing MIPD in the modeling cohort. The area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) and the calibration curve were used to verify the nomogram prediction model internally and externally within the modeling cohort and the verification cohort.ResultsMultivariate logistic regression analysis showed that body mass index (BMI), albumin, triglycerides, pancreatic duct diameter, pathological diagnosis and intraoperative bleeding were independent variables for POPF. On the basis of this information, a model for the prediction of risks associated with POPF was developed. In accordance with the ROC analysis, the modeling cohort's AUC was 0.819 (95% CI 0.747-0.891), the internal validation cohort's AUC was 0.830 (95% CI 0.747-0.912), and the external validation cohort's AUC was 0.793 (95% CI 0.671-0.915). Based on the calibration curve, the estimated values of POPF have a high degree of concordance with the actual values that were measured.ConclusionsThis model for predicting the probability of pancreatic fistula following MIPD has strong predictive capacity and can provide a trustworthy predictive method for the early screening of high-risk patients with pancreatic fistula after MIPD and timely clinical intervention.