A qualitative study of how and why gym-based resistance training may benefit women's mental health and wellbeing

Purpose: This study used photovoice methodology to explore women's lived experiences of gym-based resistance training, and the potential mechanisms by which resistance training may promote wellbeing.Methods: Ten women aged between 18 and 27 years from various locations across England each generated a total of three photographs illustrating 1) what they like and 2) what they dislike about gym-based resistance training, and 3) what gym-based resistance training means to them, and completed a subsequent photo-elicitation telephone interview via Zoom video conferencing software. Data were analysed through an iterative deductive and inductive process, firstly using Ryff's psychological wellbeing model (Ryff, 1989) as a thematic framework, and then inductively to further explore the data.Results: Five themes linking gym-based resistance training and mental health and wellbeing were identified: (1) self-acceptance, (2) personal growth, (3) flow state, (4) social affiliation and (5) autonomy. Through engaging in resistance training participants exercise self-direction (i.e., autonomy) and have the opportunity to develop positive relations with like-minded others. The activity itself can facilitate the achievement of the "flow state" of mind. The setting, pursuit and achievement of meaningful "intrinsic goals" can result in feelings of personal growth and realisation a more positive self-regard.Conclusion: Gym-based resistance training provides various paths to wellbeing. Greater emphasis of these well-being benefits in public health messaging may encourage more women to engage in gym-based resistance training.