Absolute and Relative Vaccine Effectiveness of Primary and Booster Series of COVID-19 Vaccines (mRNA and Adenovirus Vector) Against COVID-19 Hospitalizations in the United States, December 2021-April 2022

被引：9

作者：

Lewis, Nathaniel M. ^{[1
]}

Murray, Nancy ^{[1
]}

Adams, Katherine ^{[1
]}

Surie, Diya ^{[1
]}

Gaglani, Manjusha ^{[2
]}

Ginde, Adit A. ^{[3
]}

McNeal, Tresa ^{[2
]}

Ghamande, Shekhar ^{[2
]}

Douin, David J. ^{[4
]}

Talbot, H. Keipp ^{[5
,6
]}

Casey, Jonathan D. ^{[5
]}

Mohr, Nicholas M. ^{[7
]}

Zepeski, Anne ^{[7
]}

Shapiro, Nathan, I ^{[8
]}

Gibbs, Kevin W. ^{[9
]}

Files, D. Clark ^{[9
]}

Hager, David N. ^{[10
]}

Ali, Harith ^{[10
]}

Prekker, Matthew E. ^{[11
]}

Frosch, Anne E. ^{[12
]}

Exline, Matthew C. ^{[13
]}

Gong, Michelle N. ^{[14
]}

Mohamed, Amira ^{[15
]}

Johnson, Nicholas J. ^{[16
,17
]}

Srinivasan, Vasisht ^{[16
]}

Steingrub, Jay S. ^{[18
]}

Peltan, Ithan D. ^{[19
,20
]}

Brown, Samuel M. ^{[19
,20
]}

Martin, Emily T. ^{[21
]}

Monto, Arnold S. ^{[21
]}

Lauring, Adam S. ^{[22
,23
]}

Khan, Akram ^{[24
]}

Hough, Catherine L. ^{[24
]}

Busse, Laurence W. ^{[25
]}

Bender, William ^{[25
]}

Duggal, Abhijit ^{[26
]}

Wilson, Jennifer G. ^{[27
]}

Gordon, Alexandra June ^{[27
]}

Qadir, Nida ^{[28
]}

Chang, Steven Y. ^{[28
]}

Mallow, Christopher ^{[29
]}

Rivas, Carolina ^{[29
]}

Babcock, Hilary M. ^{[30
]}

Kwon, Jennie H. ^{[30
]}

Chappell, James D. ^{[31
]}

Halasa, Natasha ^{[31
]}

Grijalva, Carlos G. ^{[6
]}

Rice, Todd W. ^{[5
]}

Stubblefield, William B. ^{[32
]}

Baughman, Adrienne ^{[32
]}

机构：

[1] CDC COVID 19 Response Team, Atlanta, GA USA

[2] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Med, Baylor Scott & White Hlth, Temple, TX 76508 USA

[3] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Aurora, CO USA

[4] Univ Colorado, Dept Anesthesiol, Sch Med, Aurora, CO USA

[5] Vanderbilt Univ Sch Med, Dept Med, Nashville, TN USA

[6] Vanderbilt Univ Sch Med, Dept Hlth Policy, Nashville, TN USA

[7] Univ Iowa, Dept Emergency Med, Iowa City, IA USA

[8] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA

[9] Wake Forest Sch Med, Dept Med, Winston Salem, NC 27101 USA

[10] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA

[11] Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med & Med, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA

[12] Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA

[13] Ohio State Univ, Dept Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA

[14] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Montefiore Hlth Syst, Dept Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA

[15] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Montefiore Med Ctr, Dept Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA

[16] Univ Washington, Dept Emergency Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[17] Univ Washington, Div Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA

[18] Baystate Med Ctr, Dept Med, Springfield, MA 01199 USA

[19] Intermt Med Ctr, Dept Med, Murray, UT USA

[20] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA

[21] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[22] Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[23] Univ Michigan, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA

[24] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Med, Portland, OR 97201 USA

[25] Emory Univ, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA

[26] Cleveland Clin, Dept Med, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA

[27] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Stanford, CA USA

[28] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA

[29] Univ Miami, Dept Med, Miami, FL USA

[30] Washington Univ, Dept Med, St Louis, MO USA

[31] Vanderbilt Univ Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN USA

[32] Vanderbilt Univ Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Nashville, TN USA

[33] Vanderbilt Univ Sch Med, Dept Biostat, Nashville, TN USA

[34] Vanderbilt Univ Sch Med, Vanderbilt Inst Clin & Translat Res, Nashville, TN USA

来源：

OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES | 2023年 / 10卷 / 01期

关键词：

absolute vaccine effectiveness; booster vaccine series; COVID-19; primary vaccine series; relative vaccine effectiveness; ADULTS; INFECTION;

D O I：

10.1093/ofid/ofac698

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

100102 ;

摘要：

Background Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine effectiveness (VE) studies are increasingly reporting relative VE (rVE) comparing a primary series plus booster doses with a primary series only. Interpretation of rVE differs from traditional studies measuring absolute VE (aVE) of a vaccine regimen against an unvaccinated referent group. We estimated aVE and rVE against COVID-19 hospitalization in primary-series plus first-booster recipients of COVID-19 vaccines. Methods Booster-eligible immunocompetent adults hospitalized at 21 medical centers in the United States during December 25, 2021-April 4, 2022 were included. In a test-negative design, logistic regression with case status as the outcome and completion of primary vaccine series or primary series plus 1 booster dose as the predictors, adjusted for potential confounders, were used to estimate aVE and rVE. Results A total of 2060 patients were analyzed, including 1104 COVID-19 cases and 956 controls. Relative VE against COVID-19 hospitalization in boosted mRNA vaccine recipients versus primary series only was 66% (95% confidence interval [CI], 55%-74%); aVE was 81% (95% CI, 75%-86%) for boosted versus 46% (95% CI, 30%-58%) for primary. For boosted Janssen vaccine recipients versus primary series, rVE was 49% (95% CI, -9% to 76%); aVE was 62% (95% CI, 33%-79%) for boosted versus 36% (95% CI, -4% to 60%) for primary. Conclusions Vaccine booster doses increased protection against COVID-19 hospitalization compared with a primary series. Comparing rVE measures across studies can lead to flawed interpretations of the added value of a new vaccination regimen, whereas difference in aVE, when available, may be a more useful metric. Although relative vaccine effectiveness can be a useful measure to understand incremental benefit of a vaccine booster regimen compared with a primary series alone, absolute vaccine effectiveness estimates are needed to fully understand their benefit.

引用

页数：14

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