Prevalence of Male Infertility in Meghalaya, India. A Cross-Sectional Study

Infertility is a condition of the reproductive system that can affect either the male or the female and is characterized by a failure to achieve pregnancy after 12 months or more of consistent sexual interaction that is not protected. Within the scope of the present study, we aim to look into the prevalence of male infertility with an emphasis on Sperm DNA fragmentation over its importance in conjunction with a semen analysis. Our objective is to confirm the diagnosis of male infertility not be solely dependent on semen analysis alone; however, confirmatory diagnostic test such as Sperm DNA fragmentation needs to be incorporated into the routine investigation. This study marks the first documented report on male infertility in Meghalaya. Using the Makler counting chamber and Sperm 360 DNA Fragmentation, examination of the seminal fluid of two hundred and one males to look for signs of infertility. It was done by looking for aberrant sperm in the sample. During examinations of the two hundred and one patients for infertility, it was discovered that the rate of male infertility stands at 57.21%. The asthenozoospermic was 36.32%, oligozoospermic was 1.49%, and azoospermia was 8.96%. Oligosthenozoospermia was reported to have been 7.96% and polyzoospermia1.00%, respectively. DFI between fertile and infertile men was (11.02 vs. 37.88, p<0.001). Therefore, testing for sperm DNA fragmentation after semen analysis is an effective method for determining the cause of infertility. The prevalence rate of men with infertility was 57%, indicating that it was significantly higher than expected. As a result, appropriate treatment procedures must be carried out while managing male factor infertility.