Contradiction and disaggregation for family firm research

We suggest how research into family firms can be advanced via an approach of contradiction and disaggregation - two complementary processes. The former questions, generally via direct contradiction, popular theories and normative postures. The latter employs methods to disaggregate samples, causal relations, and constructs to detect or reconcile contradictory findings and avoid excessive generalization. Disaggregation also can identify specific, neglected types of organizations, actors, and contexts that evoke challenges to prevailing perspectives.