The role of PRP as biological stimulator for cartilage regeneration: An experimental prospective study

Introduction: Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) an autologous platelet concentration that contains a large quantity of growth factors is being used to treat an increasing number of articular cartilage injuries and degenerative cartilage lesions. The purpose of PRP is to stimulate cartilage regeneration biologically. Materials and Methods: Prospectively enrolled were twelve New Zealand rabbit knees that had received Surgical Phenol Solution-induced osteoarthritis and articular cartilage destruction, followed by platelet-rich plasma therapy -assisted cartilage regeneration. The research was carried out at the Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research in Sawangi's animal laboratory (Meghe). The study lasted three years. Following two weeks of surgical phenol solution damage on day 1, four groups underwent three treatments of autologous PRP therapy. Rabbits were examined by an open cartilage biopsy and histopathological analysis to determine whether cartilage regeneration had occurred at 3 months. Discussion: In terms of tissue morphology, matrix staining, cell distribution, integration of regenerated tissue with subchondral bone, tidemark formation, subchondral bone anomalies and mid/deep zone assessment, group C considerably outperformed groups A and B (P 0.05). Studies on osteoporosis and degenerative cartilaginous tissue have demonstrated that PRP can heal injured tissue. Conclusion: In the current experimental research, PRP's potential as a biological stimulator for cartilage regeneration was assessed. This research aimed to expand the role of PRP in improving wound healing outcomes, with a particular emphasis on its effectiveness for skin regeneration. This research will contribute to standardizing the use of PRP in cartilage healing for better results when applied to humans.