The relationship between serum FSH level and ovarian response during controlled ovarian stimulation

Objectives: To evaluate whether serum follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) level during the early controlled ovarian stimulation can be used as a predictor of the ovarian response in the in vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles. Material and methods: The participants of this retrospective study were chosen from Reproductive Medicine Center, Weifang People's Hospital between January 2015 and December 2020.The participants of this study met the age of 20 similar to 43 years old, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) >= 1.2 ng/mL, antral follicle count (AFC) >= 5, and the data was complete and no cancellation cycle. Each participant was given GnRH agonist protocol and given a fixed dose of recombinant FSH in the first four days during the controlled ovarian stimulation (COS). According to the number of oocytes retrieved, the participants were divided into two different ovarian response groups. Serum FSH level after the fourth recombinant follicle stimulating hormone (rFSH) injection were compared during the different ovarian responders. Results: The number of participants who met both the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria was 235. Serum sFSH levels (mean: 11.76 +/- 3.10 IU/L) in the inappropriate responders was significantly higher than serum sFSH levels (mean: 10.79 +/- 2.52 IU/L) in the superior responders(p = 0.029). There was a weak correlation between serum sFSH levels and the number of oocytes retrieved (r = -0.134, p = 0.041). Serum sFSH levels had significant clinical valuable (p = 0.0346) in predicting the number of oocytes retrieved. Conclusions: Serum sFSH levels may be a potential marker to predict the ovarian response during the early COS in the IVF/ICSI cycles, which can guide the adjustment of the exogenous rFSH dose.