Full-Length Transcriptome Analysis of Cultivated and Wild Tetraploid Peanut

The high-quality genomes and large-scale full-lengt h cDNA sequences of allotetraploid peanuts have been sequenced and released, which has accelerated the functional genomics and molecular breeding research of peanut. In order to understand the difference in the transcriptional levels of wild and cultivated peanuts. In this study, we integrated of second- and third-generation sequencing technologies to sequence full-length transcriptomes in peanut cv. Pingdu9616 and its putative ancestor Arachis monticola. The RNA extracted from six different tissues (i.e., roots, stems, leaves, flowers, needles and pods) were sampled at 20 days after flowering. A total of 31,764 and 33,981 high-quality transcripts were obtained from Monticola and Pingdu9616, respectively. The number of alternative splicing, the unit point mutation of variable adenylation, the number of open reading frames and the two-site mutation were identified in Pingdu9616 more than in Monticola, but the three-site mutation in Pingdu9616 was lower than in Monticola. 1,691 LncRNAs, and 4,000 bp of maximum length of LncRNA was identified in Monticola and Pingdu9616. Furthermore, comparative analysis between transcript data shown that 56 transcription factor families were involved in Monticola, and Pingdu9616 and the number of transcription factors in Pingdu9616 was higher than that in Monticola, the number of expressed genes estimated in flower, root, young pod and leaf organs was higher in Monticola than Pingdu9616. Over all, our study provided a valuable resource of large-scale full-length transcripts for further research of the molecular breeding and functional analysis of genes.