A review on potential applications of Fe/Ni/Ca in biomass catalytic reforming to produce hydrogen

Hydrogen production from biomass has received increasing attention in order to overcome the environmental problem associated with global warming and CO2 emission caused by conventional hydrogen process. The combination of biomass pyrolysis and catalytic steam reforming is a promising method for producing hydrogen, which plays an important role in increasing the gas yield and removing tar. Various catalysts were used in these processes to produce hydrogen gas. However, cost and catalyst deactivation are the main challenges for the largescale application of this technology. Therefore, designing an efficient, highly active, and low-cost catalyst requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors. This review summarizes the research on catalytic reforming of biomass for hydrogen production, focusing on the development and application prospect of specific metal catalysts (Fe, Ni, Ca) in biomass catalytic pyrolysis reactions. This composite catalyst has a large metal active center, as well as adjustable metal-metal interaction, providing potential opportunities for improving catalyst efficiency and thermal stability. Challenges and limitations of current biomass steam reforming processes are systematically discussed, and advances of biomass catalytic pyrolysis for hydrogen production may guide future studies.