Germline mutations of B-Raf proto-oncogene and pathological implications in prostate cancer: observational study

Background:B-Raf proto-oncogene has been found in a variety of neoplasms. BRAF stimulation can promote tumour proliferation through the activation of the MAP/ERK kinase pathway. This study aimed to determine the germline spectra of BRAF and the association with pathological criteria of prostate tumours. Methods:Fifty blood samples from men treated with prostate cancer were analyzed for BRAF germline mutations and confirmed by Sanger sequencing, in addition, to establishing the frequencies and clinical correlations of frequent mutations in the BRAF gene for both exon 11 and exon 15. The frequency and distribution of high-frequency mutations were analyzed according to the pathological criteria of the patients. Results:Frameshift mutations: c.1628_1629insA and c.1624_1625insT with a frequency of (46%) and (18%), respectively, Nonsense mutations: c.1181C>A (p.Ser394Ter) was detected in one patient, missense mutations: c.1226A>G (p.Gln409Arg), c.1270T>C (p.Trp424Arg), c.1270_1271delins2 (p.Trp424Leu), with a frequency of (4%) were detected. There was no significant difference between mutation carriers and non-carriers regarding medical and surgical history, but prostate-specific antigen concentration was significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion:The results of this study elucidate the presence and involvement of germline mutations in prostate cancer, which could serve as a potential indicator for the diagnosis and therapeutic management of prostate cancer in the population studied.