Eco-friendly coloration from mahogany wood waste for sustainable dyeing of organic nonwoven cotton fabric

Most synthetic dyes used in the textile industry are non-biodegradable, carcinogenic, and significantly harm the environment. Recent years have seen a significant increase in interest in natural dyes as a means of avoiding the environmental issues associated with synthetic colorants. This research focuses on the extraction of natural dyes from mahogany wood waste and the identification of environmentally safe ways for dyeing organic nonwoven cotton fabric. Natural coloring compounds were isolated using an aqueous extraction method, and organic cotton fabric was colored with the extracts after being mordanted with several mordant types including ferrous sulfate, potassium aluminum sulfate, and stannous chloride. The wash, light, rubbing, and perspiration fastness qualities of colored organic cotton fabric were investigated. The organic cotton fabric colored with wood waste was found to have good to excellent fastness qualities, when it was mordanted with a combination of ferrous sulfate 2%, potassium aluminum sulfate 2%, and stannous chloride 1%. Using the conditions, the color strength value was also found higher, and it was 4.28. The scanning electron microscopy images revealed that the dye particles were present on the dyed fabric surfaces. Therefore, utilizing naturally derived dyes from mahogany wood waste to color organic cotton fabric may be a good substitute for synthetic dyes in the textile sector due to environmental concerns.