Prevalence and Factors Associated with Alcohol Consumption Among Secondary School Students in Nekemte, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Alcohol consumption is a major public health concern among adolescents and young adults. Adolescence is an important period of human growth. Alcohol consumption during this age will lead to a variety of problems: health, social, economic, etc. Further, research studies have shown that alcohol consumption, both at normal and above normal levels, will lead to a wide range of health problems. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and associated factors for alcohol consumption among secondary school students in Nekemte town, East Wollega Zone, Ethiopia, in 2022. Methods: A school-based cross-sectional research design approach is used. The data is collected using a structured and selfadministered questionnaire. Through systematic random sampling, 291 out of 15,798 students ranging from 9 through 12 grades are chosen. The students selected from each school are proportional to their total strength. Results: The study is conducted on 291 participants with a mean age of 17.5 +/- 1.5 years. Of them, 49.8% are males, and the remaining 50.2% are females. It revealed that 27.84% of participants consume alcohol: 30.3% males and 25.3% females. Age (AOR: 2.755, 95% CI: 1.307-5.809), Urban location (AOR: 1.674, 95% CI: 0.962-2.914), Smoking (AOR: 0.426, 95% CI: 0.104-1.740), Chewing Khat (AOR: 2.185, 95% CI: 0.539-8.855), Having friends who drink (AOR: 1.740, 95% CI: 0.918-3.300), and having a family member who drinks alcohol. All these categories are significantly (p<0.05) associated with alcohol use. Conclusion: The effects of alcohol consumption and its risks of mental illness, chronic illness, and social problems in adulthood are not completely understood by school students. Alcoholism can be eradicated using educational, preventive, and motivating measures. Special attention should be given to young people and their coping mechanisms against alcohol use.