Association of Follicular Fluid Antioxidants Activity with Aging and In Vitro Fertilization Outcome: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background: This research was aimed at assessing the relationship between the follicular fluid (FF) antioxidants activity, aging and in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out on 65 women undergoing IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles due to unexplained infertility. Ovarian stimulation was performed using the long gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist protocol. After ovum pickup, FF was collected and processed to measure the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) activity, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and glutathione (GSH). Day 3 after ICSI, fresh embryos were transferred and later, possible pregnancy was assessed. Patients participating in this study were divided into four groups on the basis of age and pregnancy outcome. Results: SOD activity was not significantly different between the groups (P=0.218). GSH in the group whose participants were aged <= 35 years and were pregnant was higher than that in other groups. CAT activity in groups with younger participants was higher compared to the other groups. The mean TAC was higher in groups with pregnant participants compared to the non -pregnant women. Correlation analysis showed that: GSH level had a significant negative correlation with age (P<0.001, R -0.55) and a significant positive correlation with pregnancy (P=0.015, R=0.30). CAT level also had a significant negative correlation with age (P<0.001, R=-0.42) and the level of TAC had a significant positive correlation with pregnancy (P<0.001, R=0.59). Conclusion: According to our results, the levels of TAC, GSH and CAT in younger and pregnant women were higher compared with those undergoing ICSI cycles. Given the correlation of FF antioxidant activity with age and pregnancy, it is necessary to carry out more research on these compounds and the maintenance of pregnancy.