Physiological Role of Arbuscular Mycorrhizae and Vitamin B1 on Productivity and Physio-Biochemical Traits of White Lupine (Lupinus termis L.) Under Salt Stress

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) have a key role in natural and agricultural ecosystems affecting plant nutrition, soil biological activity and modifying the availability of nutrients. Thiamine (Vitamin B1) is an essential coenzyme which incorporated in a wide range of plant metabolic processes. Thus, this research aimed to study the possibility of mitigating the negative effect of salinity stress on white lupine plant via using AMF and Vit B-1 through assessment growth, various physiological traits and yield components of the white lupine plant. AMF was added to the soil (0.0 and 7 g pot(-1)) and Vit B1was foliar applied to white lupine seedlings (0.0, 100 and 200 mgL(-1)) and watered by two levels of salinity (0.0 or 5000 mgL(-1)). Salinity stress (5000 mgL(-1)) resulted in significant reductions in growth photosynthetic pigments constituents, endogenous indole acetic acid (IAA), some elements & productivity of white lupine in comparison to control plants. While, increasing phenols, some osmolytes and sodium compared to control (plants irrigated by tap water). Adding AMF to soil with the recommended dose boosted white lupine growth, certain physiological aspects and productivity in white lupine plants under irrigation with saltwater (5000 mgL(-1)). Furthermore, exogenous Vit B1 treatment with 100 & 200 mgL(-1) not only enhanced growth and seeds productivity of white lupine plants under normal irrigation but also, improved salinity tolerance by increasing white lupine growth and productivity via inmproving photosynthetic pigments, osmolytes levels and element contents compared to their corresponding controls. Finally it could be concluded that, 200 mgL(-1)Vit B1 wit AMF treatment shows superiority in inducing maximum improving white lupine plant salinity tolerance.