Severe 21st-century ocean acidification in Antarctic Marine Protected Areas

被引:18
作者
Nissen, Cara [1 ,2 ,3 ]
Lovenduski, Nicole S. [1 ,2 ]
Brooks, Cassandra M. [2 ,4 ]
Hoppema, Mario [3 ]
Timmermann, Ralph [3 ]
Hauck, Judith [3 ]
机构
[1] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
[2] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA
[3] Alfred Wegener Inst, Helmholtz Zentrum Polar & Meeresforsch, Bremerhaven, Germany
[4] Univ Colorado, Dept Environm Studies, Boulder, CO USA
基金
美国国家科学基金会; 欧盟地平线“2020”;
关键词
SOUTHERN-OCEAN; BOTTOM WATER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ANTHROPOGENIC CO2; CARBON-DIOXIDE; WEDDELL SEA; ROSS SEA; MODEL; CAPACITY; CONSERVATION;
D O I
10.1038/s41467-023-44438-x
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Antarctic coastal waters are home to several established or proposed Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) supporting exceptional biodiversity. Despite being threatened by anthropogenic climate change, uncertainties remain surrounding the future ocean acidification (OA) of these waters. Here we present 21st-century projections of OA in Antarctic MPAs under four emission scenarios using a high-resolution ocean-sea ice-biogeochemistry model with realistic ice-shelf geometry. By 2100, we project pH declines of up to 0.36 (total scale) for the top 200 m. Vigorous vertical mixing of anthropogenic carbon produces severe OA throughout the water column in coastal waters of proposed and existing MPAs. Consequently, end-of-century aragonite undersaturation is ubiquitous under the three highest emission scenarios. Given the cumulative threat to marine ecosystems by environmental change and activities such as fishing, our findings call for strong emission-mitigation efforts and further management strategies to reduce pressures on ecosystems, such as the continuation and expansion of Antarctic MPAs. Biodiversity in established or proposed Antarctic Marine Protected Areas is threatened by climate change. The authors show that projected ocean acidification is severe in Antarctic coastal waters due to strong vertical mixing of anthropogenic carbon.
引用
收藏
页数:15
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