The effect of climate vulnerability on global carbon emissions: Evidence from a spatial convergence perspective

Excessive exploitation of non-renewable resources contributes significantly to carbon emissions. To address the challenges of carbon emissions and resource sustainability, this study employs a panel dataset on 101 countries spanning the years 2012-2019 to investigate the role of climate vulnerability playing in global carbon emissions. We find that a significant spatial convergence pattern in global carbon emissions, and climate vulnerability facilitates this spatial convergence. Furthermore, we ascertain that the impact of climate vulnerability on the spatial convergence is systemically moderated by green technology, economic development, and industrial structure, which are related to resource scarcity and irrational use. Our novel finding sheds light on the policy implementation to achieve the sustainability of resource utilization.