Thermographic Profiles in Livestock Systems under Full Sun and Shaded Pastures during an Extreme Climate Event in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil: El Niño of 2023

被引：5

作者：

da Silva, Welligton Conceicao ^{[1
]}

da Silva, Jamile Andrea Rodrigues ^{[2
]}

Martorano, Lucieta Guerreiro ^{[3
]}

da Silva, eder Bruno Rebelo ^{[1
]}

Sousa, Carlos Eduardo Lima ^{[4
]}

Neves, Kedson Alessandri Lobo ^{[5
]}

de Araujo, Claudio Vieira ^{[6
]}

Joaquim, Leonel Antonio ^{[1
]}

Rodrigues, Thomaz Cyro Guimaraes de Carvalho ^{[1
]}

Belo, Tatiane Silva ^{[4
]}

Camargo-Junior, Raimundo Nonato Colares ^{[1
]}

Lourenco-Junior, Jose de Brito ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Fed Univ Para UFPA, Inst Vet Med, Postgrad Program Anim Sci PPGCAN, BR-68746630 Castanhal, PA, Brazil

[2] Fed Rural Univ Amazon UFRA, Inst Anim Hlth & Prod, BR-66077580 Belem, PA, Brazil

[3] Embrapa Eastern Amazon, BR-68010180 Santarem, PA, Brazil

[4] Univ Ctr Amazon UNAMA, Dept Vet Med, BR-68010200 Santarem, PA, Brazil

[5] Fed Univ Western Para UFOPA, Inst Anim Sci, BR-68040255 Santarem, PA, Brazil

[6] Fed Univ Mato Grosso UFMT, Dept Agr & Environm Sci, BR-78550728 Sinop, MT, Brazil

来源：

ANIMALS | 2024年 / 14卷 / 06期

关键词：

grazing areas; thermal images; shade cover; Eastern Amazon region; NINO-SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; THERMAL COMFORT INDEXES; EL-NINO; HEAT-STRESS; INFRARED THERMOGRAPHY; SILVOPASTORAL SYSTEM; ANIMAL-WELFARE; BEEF-CATTLE; MICROCLIMATE; VARIABILITY;

D O I：

10.3390/ani14060855

中图分类号：

S8 [畜牧、动物医学、狩猎、蚕、蜂];

学科分类号：

0905 ;

摘要：

The El Nino represents a substantial threat to pastures, affecting the availability of water, forage and compromising the sustainability of grazing areas, especially in the northern region of Brazil. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterize the thermographic profile of three production systems in the Eastern Amazon, Brazil. The study was conducted on a rural cattle farm in Mojui dos Campos, Para, Brazil, between August and November 2023. The experiment involved livestock production systems, including traditional, silvopastoral and integrated, with different conditions of shade and access to the bathing area. An infrared thermographic (IRT) camera was used, recording temperatures in different zones, such as areas with trees, pastures with forage and exposed pastures. The highest mean temperatures (p = 0.02) were observed in pastures with full sun from August to November. On the other hand, the lowest average temperatures were recorded in areas shaded by chestnut trees (Bertholletia excelsa). The highest temperature ranges were found in sunny areas and the lowest were recorded in shaded areas. The highest temperatures were observed in the pasture in full sun, while the lowest were recorded in areas shaded by chestnut trees (p < 0.0001). The interaction between the systems and treatments revealed significant temperature differences (p < 0.0001), with the native trees showing an average temperature of 35.9 degree celsius, lower than the grasses and soil, which reached 61.2 degree celsius. This research concludes that, under El Nino in the Eastern Amazon, areas shaded by Brazil nut trees had lower temperatures, demonstrating the effectiveness of shade. Native trees, compared to grasses and soil, showed the ability to create cooler environments, highlighting the positive influence on different species such as sheep, goats and cattle.

引用

页数：18