mRNA Vaccine Platform: mRNA Production and Delivery

被引:9
作者
Litvinova, V. R. [1 ]
Rudometov, A. P. [1 ]
Karpenko, L. I. [1 ]
Ilyichev, A. A. [1 ]
机构
[1] State Res Ctr Virol & Biotechnol Vector, Fed Serv Surveillance Consumer Rights Protect & Hu, Koltsov 630559, Novosibirsk Reg, Russia
关键词
RNA; mRNA vaccines; chemically modified nucleotides; untranslated 5'- and 3'-regions; mRNA delivery methods; IN-VITRO; LIPID NANOPARTICLES; GENE-TRANSFER; PROTEIN; VIVO; TRANSLATION; SUPPRESSION; EXPRESSION; STABILITY; THERAPY;
D O I
10.1134/S1068162023020152
中图分类号
Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];
学科分类号
071010 ; 081704 ;
摘要
-Vaccination is the most efficient way to prevent infectious diseases. mRNA-based vaccines is a new approach to vaccine development, which have several very useful advantages over other types of vaccines. Since mRNA encodes only the target antigen there is no potential risk of infection as in the case with attenuated or inactivated pathogens. The mode of action of mRNA-vaccines implies that their genetic information is expressed only in the cytosol, leaving very little possibility of mRNA integration into the host's genome. mRNA-vaccines can induce specific cellular and humoral immune responses, but do not induce the antivector immune response. The mRNA-vaccine platform allows for easy target gene replacement without the need to change the production technology, which is important to address the time lag between the epidemic onset and vaccine release. The present review discusses the history of mRNA vaccines, mRNA vaccine production technology, ways to increase mRNA stability, modifications of the cap, poly(A)-tail, coding and noncoding parts of mRNA, target mRNA vaccine purification from byproducts, and delivery methods.
引用
收藏
页码:220 / 235
页数:16
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