A systematic review on gender dysphoria in adolescents and young adults: focus on suicidal and self-harming ideation and behaviours

被引:21
作者
Marconi, Elisa [1 ]
Monti, Laura [1 ]
Marfoli, Angelica [2 ]
Kotzalidis, Georgios D. [3 ,4 ,7 ]
Janiri, Delfina [4 ,7 ]
Cianfriglia, Cecilia [2 ]
Moriconi, Federica [1 ]
Costa, Stefano [5 ]
Veredice, Chiara [6 ]
Sani, Gabriele [4 ,7 ]
Chieffo, Daniela Pia Rosaria [1 ,8 ,9 ]
机构
[1] Fdn Policlin Univ Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Clin Psychol Unit, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, I-00168 Rome, Italy
[2] Catholic Univ Sacred Heart Rome, Largo Francesco Vito 1, I-00168 Rome, Italy
[3] Univ Roma La Sapienza, NESMOS Dept Neurosci Mental Hlth & Sensory Organs, Via Grottarossa1035-1039, I-00198 Rome, Italy
[4] Fdn Policlin Univ Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Dept Psychiat, Dept Neurosci Head Neck & Thorax, Largo Agostino Gemelli 1, I-00168 Rome, Italy
[5] Azienda USL Bologna, Osped Maggiore, UOSD Operat Unit Psychiat & Psychotherapy Adolesce, Largo Bartolo Nigrisoli 2, I-40133 Bologna, Italy
[6] Fdn Policlin Univ Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Pediat Neuropsychiat Unit, I-00168 Rome, Italy
[7] Catholic Univ Sacred Heart Rome, Inst Psychiat, Dept Neurosci, Largo Francesco Vito 1, I-00168 Rome, Rome, Italy
[8] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Dept Life Sci, I-00168 Rome, Italy
[9] Univ Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Publ Hlth Dept, I-00168 Rome, Italy
关键词
Gender dysphoria; Transgender; Suicide; Suicidal thinking; Suicidal attempts; Non-suicidal self-harm; MENTAL-HEALTH; TRANSGENDER YOUTH; CHILDREN; IDENTITY; RISK; VICTIMIZATION; EXPERIENCES; PREVALENCE; EXPRESSION; DISORDER;
D O I
10.1186/s13034-023-00654-3
中图分类号
R72 [儿科学];
学科分类号
100202 ;
摘要
IntroductionGender dysphoria (GD) is characterized by the incongruence between one's experienced and expressed gender and assigned-sex-at-birth; it is associated with clinically significant distress. In recent years, the number of young patients diagnosed with GD has increased considerably. Recent studies reported that GD adolescents present behavioural and emotional problems and internalizing problems. Furthermore, this population shows a prevalence of psychiatric symptoms, like depression and anxiety. Several studies showed high rates of suicidal and non-suicidal self-injurious thoughts and behaviour in GD adolescents. To increase understanding of overall mental health status and potential risks of young people with GD, this systematic review focused on risk of suicide and self-harm gestures.MethodsWe followed the PRISMA 2020 statement, collecting empirical studies from four electronic databases, i.e., PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and Web of Science.ResultsTwenty-one studies on GD and gender nonconforming identity, suicidality, and self-harm in adolescents and young adults met inclusion criteria. Results showed that GD adolescents have more suicidal ideation, life-threatening behaviour, self-injurious thoughts or self-harm than their cisgender peers. Assessment methods were heterogeneous.ConclusionA standardised assessment is needed. Understanding the mental health status of transgender young people could help develop and provide effective clinical pathways and interventions.
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页数:20
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