What more comprehensive physiotherapy techniques than pelvic floor muscles training should be investigated in the context of post-prostatectomy? A narrative review

Background. - In a previous article, we have underlined the emerging level of evidence for the effectiveness of a more comprehensive functional physical therapy than solely pelvic floor muscles training (PFMT) for men after radical prostatectomy (RP). More and more authors suggest that physiotherapy programs should not focus only on the side effect of continence, but more generally on the interaction of continence disorders with all other side effects related to patient's physical and emotional functioning. Research question. - The aims of this narrative review are to highlight rehabilitation approaches unrelated to analytical PFMT that would seem relevant to consider in the future for Method. - Our narrative review sought to map the body of literature relevant to the primary objective (non-PFMT), supplementing the data from our previous review with additional recent articles that were not eligible due to not meeting the inclusion criteria for a systematic review. Results. - After full text screening, 13 interventional studies have been selected. Intervention strategies were based on five major type of exercises: flexibility, synergism Et co-activation, coordination Et movement control, strength Et endurance, aerobic Et games therapy. Most of the studies of this narrative review focused on synergies, co-activations and movement control techniques that emphasized the deep abdominal muscles and PFMs reflexive activation. The wide variety of countries represented in the 13 studies with consistent results point to the potential effectiveness and replicability across various socio-cultural, ethnical, or religious contexts. Conclusion. - We found 13 studies from 9 different countries that provide a more complete rehabilitation approach than PFMT alone in men post-RP. Intervention strategies were built around five main types of exercises, with the majority of them emphasizing synergies, coactivations, and movement control techniques. In light of these data, we hope that future research will enable us to offer the most relevant and patient-centered physiotherapy treatment.