Effects of nanoadditives on the performance and emissions of rapeseed biodiesel in an insulated piston diesel engine

Energy consumption and management have emerged as crucial production functions because of the high cost of energy. Since the total consumption of fossil fuels like diesel has increased proportionally to the expansion in demand for power generation, industry, and transportation services, researchers have long been interested in constructing a more energy-efficient engine. With its improved efficiency, reduced fuel consumption, and fewer emissions, the application of nano-coating technology to engine components has become more popular in recent years. This study involved the application of a thermal barrier coating (TBC) using zirconia on the test engine piston. The aim of this research is to examine the impact of aluminium oxide nano-additives in rapeseed biodiesel blends on the performance of a diesel engine with a thermal barrier-coated piston. The four test fuels were prepared using 20% and 40% blends of rapeseed biodiesel with and without the addition of aluminium oxide at 25 ppm and 50 ppm. The full factorial design methodology was employed to examine the influential factors, specifically the rapeseed blend ratio and aluminium oxide concentration, in order to enhance performance and reduce emissions. The blends of RSB20AO25 and RSB20AO50 showed significant results on energy consumption and emissions. The RSB20AO50 blend performed with a 5.4% increase in brake thermal efficiency and a 6.5% reduction in fuel consumption compared with standard diesel. Similarly, blends of RSB20AO25 and RSB20AO50 show 6% and 11% reductions in carbon monoxide and 5.2% and 9.5% reductions in hydrocarbon emissions.