An Object Detection Method Based on Feature Uncertainty Domain Adaptation for Autonomous Driving

The environment perception algorithm in autonomous driving is trained in the source domain, leading to domain drift and reduced detection accuracy in the target domain due to shifts in background feature distribution. To address this issue, a domain adaptive object detection algorithm based on feature uncertainty is proposed, which can improve the detection performance of object detection algorithms in unlabeled data. Firstly, a local alignment module based on channel information is proposed, which can obtain the model's uncertainty about different domain data based on the feature channels obtained through the feature extraction network, achieving adaptive dynamic local alignment. Secondly, an instance-level alignment module guided by local feature uncertainty is proposed, which can obtain the corresponding instance-level uncertainty through ROI mapping. To improve the domain invariance of bounding box regression, a multi-class, multi-regression instance-level uncertainty alignment module is proposed, which can achieve spatial decoupling of classification and regression tasks, further improving the model's domain adaptive ability. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated on Cityscapes, KITTI, and real vehicle data.