INVESTIGATING THE PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF LEDS WITH COMBINED SPECTRAL EMITTANCES IN FLORICULTURE

The management of plant architecture is important for the promotion of year-round production of quality flowers under controlled environment. Besides temperature, the manipulation of light and its intensity are very essential in greenhouses. Light has a significant impact on how plants grow and develop. The energy from light is used by plants for photosynthesis as well as signalling in several assimilation processes. Natural light levels frequently restrict crop output during specific times under intensive horticulture production systems. Numerous blooming species get artificial lighting to promote photosynthesis, induce an inductive photoperiod, or both. Light intensity, spectrum, and photoperiodic adaptability are urgently needed to boost plant growth and product quality. Plant physiology and biochemistry are affected by changes in light intensity, duration, and quality, which has an impact on their morphology and functionality. The use of LEDs in floriculture enables increased light use efficiency in greenhouse production among the use of various artificial light sources in the horticultural industry. It is understood that monochromatic wavelengths or their mixtures can be used with LED technology to enhance plant development. The replacement of High-Pressure Sodium Lamps (HPS) by a LED lighting system is currently under investigation in greenhouses. Integrating the current growing system with advanced techniques paves full attention. To attain a sustainable and economical production system, a different spectrum of light has to be tested, integrated, and optimized within the horticultural production system. Keywords: Greenhouse chrysanthemum, lighting fixtures that are currently in use, light emitting diodes, the spectral quality of the light (red, blue, white, and far-red LEDs), photosynthesis, physiological implications, soilless culture