Design of negative refractive index 3D metamaterial split ring resonator for IoT applications

This article presents the unique 3D metamaterial split ring resonator (3D-MTM SRR) with a high negative refractive index at 2.45 GHz frequency. It is integrated with two layers: one square bracket structure printed on the backside of the substrate and another dual split ring with an air gap placed above the substrate. Both structures are coupled with metallic vias, which serve as connecting vias to create the 3D-MTM SRR. Simulation and experiment results show good agreement for a high negative refractive index and the effective medium ratio of -30 and 6.16, respectively. To fully comprehend the resonance phenomena of the proposed 3D-MTM, an analogous circuit analysis is carried out. Thus, the unique properties of 3D-MTM SRR allow development of the high-performance radio frequency devices for IoT applications.