Aging, Physical Exercise, Telomeres, and Sarcopenia: A Narrative Review

被引：15

作者：

Hernandez-Alvarez, David ^{[1
]}

Rosado-Perez, Juana ^{[1
]}

Gavia-Garcia, Graciela ^{[1
]}

Arista-Ugalde, Taide Laurita ^{[1
]}

Aguiniga-Sanchez, Itzen ^{[2
]}

Santiago-Osorio, Edelmiro ^{[2
]}

Mendoza-Nunez, Victor Manuel ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Res Unit Gerontol, FES Zaragoza, Mexico City 09230, Mexico

[2] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Res Unit Cell Differentiat & Canc, Hematopoiesis & Leukemia Lab, FES Zaragoza, Mexico City 09230, Mexico

来源：

BIOMEDICINES | 2023年 / 11卷 / 02期

关键词：

aging; sarcopenia; oxidative stress; telomeric length; repair mechanisms; exercise; MUSCLE PROTEIN-SYNTHESIS; BASE EXCISION-REPAIR; OXIDATIVE STRESS; DNA-DAMAGE; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; LIFE-STYLE; POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE; CALORIE RESTRICTION; INFLAMMATION; LENGTH;

D O I：

10.3390/biomedicines11020598

中图分类号：

Q5 [生物化学]; Q7 [分子生物学];

学科分类号：

071010 ; 081704 ;

摘要：

Human aging is a gradual and adaptive process characterized by a decrease in the homeostatic response, leading to biochemical and molecular changes that are driven by hallmarks of aging, such as oxidative stress (OxS), chronic inflammation, and telomere shortening. One of the diseases associated with the hallmarks of aging, which has a great impact on functionality and quality of life, is sarcopenia. However, the relationship between telomere length, sarcopenia, and age-related mortality has not been extensively studied. Moderate physical exercise has been shown to have a positive effect on sarcopenia, decreasing OxS and inflammation, and inducing protective effects on telomeric DNA. This results in decreased DNA strand breaks, reduced OxS and IA, and activation of repair pathways. Higher levels of physical activity are associated with an apparent increase in telomere length. This review aims to present the current state of the art of knowledge on the effect of physical exercise on telomeric maintenance and activation of repair mechanisms in sarcopenia.

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