Acute seizure activity in neonatal inflammation-sensitized hypoxia-ischemia in mice

Objective: To examine acute seizure activity and neuronal damage in a neonatal mouse model of inflammation-sensitized hypoxic-ischemic (IS-HI) brain injury utilizing continuous electroencephalography (cEEG) and neurohistology.Methods: Neonatal mice were exposed to either IS-HI with Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or HI alone on postnatal (p) day 10 using unilateral carotid artery ligation followed by global hypoxia (n = 10 [5 female, 5 male] for IS-HI, n = 12 [5 female, 7 male] for HI alone). Video cEEG was recorded for the duration of the experiment and analyzed for acute seizure activity and behavior. Brain tissue was stained and scored based on the degree of neuronal injury in the hippocampus, cortex, and thalamus.Results: There was no significant difference in acute seizure activity among mice exposed to IS-HI compared to HI with regards to seizure duration (mean = 63 +/- 6 seconds for HI vs mean 62 +/- 5 seconds for IS-HI, p = 0.57) nor EEG background activity. Mice exposed to IS-HI had significantly more severe neural tissue damage at p30 as measured by neuropathologic scores (mean = 8 +/- 1 vs 23 +/- 3, p < 0.0001).Interpretation: In a neonatal mouse model of IS-HI, there was no significant difference in acute seizure activity among mice exposed to IS-HI compared to HI. Mice exposed to IS-HI did show more severe neuropathologic damage at a later age, which may indicate the presence of chronic inflammatory mechanisms of brain injury distinct from acute seizure activity.Copyright: (c) 2024 June et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.