Linking green innovation performance and green innovative human resource practices in SMEs; a moderation and mediation analysis using PLS-SEM

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) play a critical role in countries' economic growth (specifically developing countries). Such economic growth requires environment-friendly business practices to achieve the green innovation performance goals of SMEs. To examine predictors of green innovation performance, the data were collected from 1121 employees of SMEs in China. Partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) through Smart PLS was used to test the proposed relationships. The results showed a significantly positive relationship between green innovative human resource practices, organizational commitment, and innovation performance. Green organizational commitment and transformational leadership have significant effects as mediators and moderators, respectively. Moreover, the enhanced green organizational commitment helps strengthen the relationship between green innovative human resource practices and firms' innovation performance. This study also makes several theore29tical and practical implications.