Atypical Arousal Regulation in Children With Autism but Not With Attention-Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder as Indicated by Pupillometric Measures of Locus Coeruleus Activity

被引:11
作者
Bast, Nico [1 ]
Boxhoorn, Sara [1 ]
Super, Hans [4 ]
Helfer, Bartosz [5 ,6 ]
Polzer, Leonie [1 ]
Klein, Christoph [2 ,3 ,7 ]
Cholemkery, Hannah [1 ]
Freitag, Christine M. [1 ]
机构
[1] Goethe Univ, Univ Hosp Frankfurt, Autism Res & Intervent Ctr Excellence, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat Psychosomat & Psy, Frankfurt, Germany
[2] Univ Freiburg, Clin Child & Adolescent Psychiat Psychotherapy & P, Med Ctr, Fac Med, Freiburg, Germany
[3] Univ Cologne, Med Fac, Dept Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Cologne, Germany
[4] Catalan Inst Res, Adv Studies, Barcelona, Spain
[5] Imperial Coll London, Natl Heart & Lung Inst, Fac Med, London, England
[6] Univ Wroclaw, Inst Psychol, Wroclaw, Poland
[7] Natl & Kapodistrian Univ Athens, Dept Psychiat, Athens, Greece
关键词
SPECTRUM DISORDER; TIME VARIABILITY; PUPIL DIAMETER; ADAPTIVE GAIN; VALIDITY; BEHAVIOR; ADHD; SIZE;
D O I
10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.04.010
中图分类号
Q189 [神经科学];
学科分类号
071006 ;
摘要
BACKGROUND: Atypical arousal regulation may explain slower mean reaction time (MRT) in autism spectrum dis-order (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder compared with typical development. The locus coeruleus- norepinephrine system (LC-NE) underlies arousal regulation and adapts its activity to the utility of a task. LC-NE tonic and phasic activity are indexed by baseline pupil size (BPS) and stimulus-evoked pupillary response (SEPR). METHODS: The study assessed pupillometry in ASD (n = 31, 3 female/28 male), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (n = 28, 3 female/25 male), and typically developing control subjects (n = 31, 16 female/15 male) during a visuospatial reaction-time task that manipulates arousal by conditions with low and high task utility. We estimated linear mixed models of BPS, SEPR, and MRT in a per-trial analysis to investigate arousal regulation of task performance. RESULTS: Slower MRT occurred in the ASD group compared with the typically developing control group during low-utility conditions while controlling for dimensional ASD and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms. In low-utility conditions, BPS and SEPR were inversely related and both were associated with faster MRT. Increased ASD symptoms across groups were associated with higher BPS during low-utility conditions. Changes in BPS and SEPR between task-utility conditions were smaller in the ASD group.CONCLUSIONS: Slower visuospatial task performance in ASD is specific to low task utility. Arousal was associated with task performance and showed altered activity in ASD. Increased BPS during low-utility conditions suggested increased LC-NE tonic activity as an ASD symptom marker in children. Smaller changes in BPS and SEPR in ASD indicated attenuated LC-NE activity adaptation in response to high-utility conditions. Slower performance and atypical arousal regulation are probably associated with attenuated LC-NE activity adaptation. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsc.2021.04.010
引用
收藏
页码:11 / 20
页数:10
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