Numerical simulation of melt penetration in debris beds using MPS method

During a severe accident of light water reactors (LWR), melt penetration in a debris bed (also called infiltration) may occur due to the failure of a crust which accommodates a molten pool over the debris bed, or due to earlier re-melting of metallic components (i.e., Zr and Fe) which has lower melting points than oxidic ones (i.e., UO2 and ZrO2) of corium debris. Although understanding and modeling of melt infiltration plays a significant role in the prediction of severe accident progression, little work has been done in this respect due to its complexity. To fill this knowledge gap, the present study develops a Moving Particle Semi-implicit (MPS) code with various models representing key physics in melt infiltration. REMCOD experiment, recently carried out at KTH, has been simulated to validate the updated MPS code. The comparative results show that the melt infiltration in the tests can be reproduced by the MPS code. For a debris bed of cylindrical particles, the melt infiltration process in the experiment can be predicted by using Sauter mean diameter of the particles in the simulation. The code is also applied to investigate the influences of important parameters on the melt infiltration, and it is found that contact angle has little impact on melt penetration process in the case of debris beds with large pore sizes.