The psychedelic effects of cannabis: A review of the literature

被引:7
作者
Wolinsky, David [1 ,5 ]
Barrett, Frederick Streeter [2 ,3 ,4 ]
Vandrey, Ryan [1 ]
机构
[1] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Baltimore, MD USA
[2] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Ctr Psychedel & Consciousness Res, Behav Pharmacol Res Unit,Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA
[3] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Neurosci, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA
[4] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Psychol & Brain Sci, Krieger Sch Arts & Sci, Baltimore, MD USA
[5] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Meyer 106,600 North Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA
关键词
Psychedelics; psilocybin; cannabis; mystical experience; MYSTICAL EXPERIENCE QUESTIONNAIRE; LIFE-THREATENING CANCER; CHALLENGING EXPERIENCES; PSILOCYBIN TREATMENT; ANXIETY; LSD; STATE; CONNECTIVITY; DEPRESSION; SYMPTOMS;
D O I
10.1177/02698811231209194
中图分类号
R74 [神经病学与精神病学];
学科分类号
摘要
Cannabis and classic psychedelics are controlled substances with emerging evidence of efficacy in the treatment of a variety of psychiatric illnesses. Cannabis has largely not been regarded as having psychedelic effects in contemporary literature, despite many examples of historical use along with classic psychedelics to attain altered states of consciousness. Research into the "psychedelic" effects of cannabis, and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in particular, could prove helpful for assessing potential therapeutic indications and elucidating the mechanism of action of both cannabis and classic psychedelics. This review aggregates and evaluates the literature assessing the capacity of cannabis to yield the perceptual changes, aversiveness, and mystical experiences more typically associated with classic psychedelics such as psilocybin. This review also provides a brief contrast of neuroimaging findings associated with the acute effects of cannabis and psychedelics. The available evidence suggests that high-THC cannabis may be able to elicit psychedelic effects, but that these effects may not have been observed in recent controlled research studies due to the doses, set, and settings commonly used. Research is needed to investigate the effects of high doses of THC in the context utilized in therapeutic studies of psychedelics aimed to occasion psychedelic and/or therapeutic experiences. If cannabis can reliably generate psychedelic experiences under these conditions, high-THC dose cannabis treatments should be explored as potential adjunctive treatments for psychiatric disorders and be considered as an active comparator in clinical trials involving traditional psychedelic medications.
引用
收藏
页码:49 / 55
页数:7
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