Assessing water conservation behaviour of India?s urban households

This research aims to develop and validate a questionnaire for the investigation of behavioural water conser-vation across four themes: demand curtailment, efficiency in use, reduction in losses, and rainwater harvesting. To do so, we operationalised the item purification method of the Delphi process. Subsequently, using confir-matory factor analysis with structural equation modelling, the items were subjected to questionnaire validation tests having 367 valid responses from Indian households. This approach resulted in a water conservation behaviour questionnaire with 54 items reduced from the original 161 items. The findings demonstrate the reliability of the scale psychometrics developed in this study.