The Role of Decorin in the Adhesion Process of Treponema Pallidum Subspecies Pallidum to Human Brain Microvascular Endothelial Cells

Objective center dot This study aims to investigate the role of decorin in the adhesion process of Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum (T. pallidum) to human brain microvascular endothelial cells. Methods center dot The study involved an in vitro experimental design. Western blot analysis was conducted to determine the protein expression level of decorin in the cells. The cells were divided into four groups: Tp group, inactivated Tp group, LPS group, and negative control group. The adhesion of T. pallidum to the cells was analyzed using darkfield microscopy counting and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The cells were divided into four groups based on different preprocessing treatments: control group, decorin group, DCN-siRNA group, and DCN-siRNA+decorin group. Changes in the F-actin of the cells were explored using confocal laser scanning microscopy. The cells were divided into the Tp group, Tp+decorin group, and control group. Results center dot Western blot analysis showed high expression of decorin in the Tp group and LPS group. Darkfield microscopy counting revealed a significantly higher number of T. pallidum adhered to a single cell in the decorin group compared to the control group. Conversely, the number of adhered T. pallidum was significantly lower in the DCN-siRNA group compared to the control group. qPCR results indicated a considerably higher T. pallidum load in the decorin group compared to the control group. In the Tp group, T. pallidum treatment induced the reorganization of F-actin, while the distribution of F-actin in the Tp+decorin group was comparable to that of the control group. Conclusions center dot Decorin enhances the adhesion of T. pallidum to human brain microvascular endothelial cells, suggesting that decorin may act as one of the receptors regulating the adhesion of T. pallidum to cells. Furthermore, T. pallidum treatment triggers the rearrangement of F-actin in cells, and decorin plays a protective role in this process.