Microsatellite Instability: A Review of Molecular Epidemiology and Implications for Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Therapy

被引:14
|
作者
Kavun, Alexandra [1 ]
Veselovsky, Egor [1 ,2 ]
Lebedeva, Alexandra [1 ]
Belova, Ekaterina [1 ,3 ]
Kuznetsova, Olesya [1 ,4 ]
Yakushina, Valentina [1 ,5 ]
Grigoreva, Tatiana [1 ,6 ]
Mileyko, Vladislav [1 ]
Fedyanin, Mikhail [4 ,7 ,8 ]
Ivanov, Maxim [1 ,9 ]
机构
[1] OncoAtlas LLC, Moscow 119049, Russia
[2] Russian Acad Sci, Dept Evolutionary Genet Dev, Koltzov Inst Dev Biol, Moscow 119334, Russia
[3] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Fac Phys, Moscow 119991, Russia
[4] NN Blokhin Russian Canc Res Ctr, Moscow 115478, Russia
[5] Res Ctr Med Genet, Lab Epigenet, Moscow 115522, Russia
[6] Russian Acad Sci, Shemyakin Ovchinnikov Inst Bioorgan Chem, Moscow 117997, Russia
[7] Moscow Multidisciplinary Clin Ctr, State Budgetary Inst Hlth Care City Moscow, Kommunarka Dept Hlth City Moscow, Moscow 142770, Russia
[8] Minist Hlth Russian Federat, Ntl Med & Surg Ctr, Fed State Budgetary Inst, Moscow 105203, Russia
[9] Moscow Inst Phys & Technol, Dolgoprudnyi 141701, Russia
基金
俄罗斯科学基金会;
关键词
microsatellite instability; mismatch repair; biomarker; precision medicine; immune checkpoint inhibitors; DNA MISMATCH REPAIR; METASTATIC COLORECTAL-CANCER; TUMOR MUTATIONAL BURDEN; III COLON-CANCER; HIGH MSI-H; MLH1 PROMOTER METHYLATION; LYNCH-SYNDROME; ENDOMETRIAL CANCER; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; STAGE-II;
D O I
10.3390/cancers15082288
中图分类号
R73 [肿瘤学];
学科分类号
100214 ;
摘要
Simple Summary Microsatellite instability (MSI) occurs in a wide variety of tumor types and is one of the most important predictive biomarkers for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. The present review aims to summarize the molecular characteristics of MSI tumors as well as the results of major clinical studies evaluating the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of patients with MSI tumors. Microsatellite instability (MSI) is one of the most important molecular characteristics of a tumor, which occurs among various tumor types. In this review article, we examine the molecular characteristics of MSI tumors, both sporadic and Lynch-associated. We also overview the risks of developing hereditary forms of cancer and potential mechanisms of tumor development in patients with Lynch syndrome. Additionally, we summarize the results of major clinical studies on the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors for MSI tumors and discuss the predictive role of MSI in the context of chemotherapy and checkpoint inhibitors. Finally, we briefly discuss some of the underlying mechanisms causing therapy resistance in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
引用
收藏
页数:27
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