Lane nucleation in complex active flows

被引:23
作者
Bacik, Karol A. [1 ]
Bacik, Bogdan S. [2 ]
Rogers, Tim [1 ]
机构
[1] Univ Bath, Dept Math Sci, Ctr Networks & Collect Behav, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England
[2] Acad Phys Educ Katowice, Inst Sport Sci, Dept Human Motor Behav, Ul Mikolowska 72C, PL-40065 Katowice, Poland
基金
英国工程与自然科学研究理事会;
关键词
PEDESTRIAN FLOW; MODEL;
D O I
10.1126/science.add8091
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Laning is a paradigmatic example of spontaneous organization in active two-component flows that has been observed in diverse contexts, including pedestrian traffic, driven colloids, complex plasmas, and molecular transport. We introduce a kinetic theory that elucidates the physical origins of laning and quantifies the propensity for lane nucleation in a given physical system. Our theory is valid in the low-density regime, and it makes different predictions about situations in which lanes may form that are not parallel with the direction of flow. We report on experiments with human crowds that verify two notable consequences of this phenomenon: tilting lanes under broken chiral symmetry and lane nucleation along elliptic, parabolic, and hyperbolic curves in the presence of sources or sinks.
引用
收藏
页码:923 / U65
页数:6
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