Evaluation of Turnera subulata extract induced AgNPs for antimicrobial, antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anticancer properties against PANC-1 (Oct, 10.1007/s13399-023-04971-7, 2023)

The evaluation of antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activity against PANC-1 cell by Ag nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesized using aqueous plant extract from turnera subulata has been reported. The AgNPs against human pancreatic cancer cell line PANC-1 cells were tested using MTT assay. The antibacterial and antioxidant properties have been evaluated. The sharp peaks at 400 nm in surface plasmon resonance (SPR) correspond to AgNPs. The carboxyl (C=O) and amine (N-H) functional organic moeities adsorbed over the AgNPs. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed the peaks due to diffraction from 111, 200, 220, and 311 planes of face centered cubic (FCC) structure of silver. The AgNPs have a size of 23.9 nm from HRSEM and with an average diameter of 75.9nm by DLS measurements. The antioxidant properties of AgNPs were demonstrated by the DPPH degrading activity, nitric oxide and super oxide scavenging methods. The anticancer study revealed that AgNPs(25-500 mu g/ml) had shown cytotoxicity against PANC-1 cells. The morphology of the cells has been evaluated by dual AO/ETBr staining and DAPI nuclear staining. The expressions of Bcl-2 and P53 genes were evaluated by RT-PCR using 114 mu g/ml dose of AgNPs. The expression of p53 mRNA in the PANC-1 cell line treated with synthesized AgNPs increased 1.8-fold compared to untreated cells. The expression of Bcl-2 was inhibited in the cells (p < .05) to 0.8-fold which treated with synthesized AgNPs (p < .05, p = 02) compared to the control. The upregulation of p53 and downregulation of Bcl-2 of the prepared AgNPs make them as a viable therapeutic agent against pancreatic cancer.