Protection from Omicron Infection in Residents of Nursing and Retirement Homes in Ontario, Canada

被引：8

作者：

Breznik, Jessica A. ^{[1
,2
,3
,4
]}

Rahim, Ahmad

Kajaks, Tara ^{[4
,5
]}

Hagerman, Megan ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Bilaver, Lucas ^{[1
,2
,3
]}

Colwill, Karen ^{[6
]}

Dayam, Roaya M. ^{[6
]}

Gingras, Anne -Claude ^{[6
,7
]}

Verschoor, Chris P. ^{[4
,5
,8
]}

McElhaney, Janet E. ^{[8
]}

Bramson, Jonathan L. ^{[1
,2
,3
,9
]}

Bowdish, Dawn M. E. ^{[1
,2
,3
,4
,10
,12
]}

Costa, Andrew P. ^{[3
,4
,5
,11
,13
]}

机构：

[1] McMaster Univ, McMaster Immunol Res Ctr, Hamilton, ON, Canada

[2] McMaster Univ, Michael G DeGroote Inst Infect Dis Res, Hamilton, ON, Canada

[3] McMaster Univ, Michael G DeGroote Sch Med, Dept Med, Hamilton, ON, Canada

[4] McMaster Univ, McMaster Inst Res Aging, Hamilton, ON, Canada

[5] McMaster Univ, Dept Hlth Res Methods Evidence & Impact, Hamilton, ON, Canada

[6] Mt Sinai Hosp, Sinai Hlth, Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Res Inst, Toronto, ON, Canada

[7] Univ Toronto, Dept Mol Genet, Toronto, ON, Canada

[8] Hlth Sci North Res Inst, Sudbury, ON, Canada

[9] McMaster Univ, Dept Biochem & Biomed Sci, Hamilton, ON, Canada

[10] Firestone Inst Resp Hlth, St Josephs Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada

[11] St Josephs Hlth Syst, Ctr Integrated Care, Hamilton, ON, Canada

[12] McMaster Univ, M G DeGroote Inst Infect Dis Res, McMaster Immunol Res Ctr, MDCL 4020,1280 Main St, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada

[13] McMaster Univ, Dept Hlth Res Methods Evidence & Impact, MIP-309A, 1280 Main St West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada

来源：

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION | 2023年 / 24卷 / 05期

基金：

加拿大创新基金会; 加拿大健康研究院;

关键词：

COVID-19; Omicron; mRNA vaccine; hybrid immunity; older adults;

D O I：

10.1016/j.jamda.2023.02.105

中图分类号：

R592 [老年病学]; C [社会科学总论];

学科分类号：

03 ; 0303 ; 100203 ;

摘要：

Objectives: To identify factors that contribute to protection from infection with the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2 in older adults in nursing and retirement homes. Design: Longitudinal cohort study with retrospective analysis of infection risk. Setting and Participants: 997 residents of nursing and retirement homes from Ontario, Canada, in the COVID in LTC study. Methods: Residents with 3 messenger RNA (mRNA) dose vaccinations were included in the study. SARS-CoV-2 infection was determined by positive nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction test and/or circulating antinucleocapsid IgG antibodies. Cumulative probability of Omicron infection after recent COVID-19 was assessed by log-rank test of Kaplan-Meier curves. Cox regression was used to assess risk of Omicron infection by age, sex, mRNA vaccine combination, whether individuals received a fourth dose, as well as recent COVID-19. Results: In total, 171 residents (17.2%) had a presumed Omicron variant SARS-CoV-2 infection between December 15, 2021 (local start of the first Omicron wave) and May 3, 2022. Risk of Omicron infection was not different by age [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.01 (0.99-1.02)], or in women compared with men [0.97 (0.70-1.34)], but infection risk decreased 47% with 3 vaccine doses of mRNA-1273 (Moderna) compared with BNT162b2 (Pfizer) [0.53 (0.31-0.90)], 81% with any fourth mRNA vaccine dose [0.19 (0.12-0.30)], and 48% with SARS-CoV-2 infection in the 3 months prior to beginning of the Omicron wave [0.52, (0.27-0.99)]. Conclusions and Implications: Vaccine type (ie, mRNA-1273/Spikevax vs BNT162b2/Cominarty), any fourth vaccine dose, and hybrid immunity from recent COVID-19, were protective against infection with the Omicron variant. These data emphasize the importance of vaccine type, and number of vaccine doses, in maintenance of protective immunity and reduction of risk of Omicron variant breakthrough infection. These findings promote continued public health efforts to support vaccination programs and monitor vaccine immunogenicity in older adults.

引用

页码：753 / 758

页数：6

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