Maternal Antibody Response and Transplacental Transfer Following Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Infection or Vaccination in Pregnancy

被引：16

作者：

Otero, Sebastian ^{[1
,2
]}

Miller, Emily S. ^{[3
]}

Sunderraj, Ashwin ^{[4
]}

Shanes, Elisheva D. ^{[5
]}

Sakowicz, Allie ^{[3
]}

Goldstein, Jeffery A. ^{[5
]}

Mithal, Leena B. ^{[1
,2
,4
]}

机构：

[1] Ann & Robert H Lurie Childrens Hosp Chicago, Chicago, IL USA

[2] Stanley Manne Childrens Res Inst, Chicago, IL USA

[3] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Chicago, IL USA

[4] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Chicago, IL USA

[5] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Chicago, IL USA

来源：

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES | 2023年 / 76卷 / 02期

基金：

美国国家卫生研究院;

关键词：

SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; vaccination; pregnancy; antibody; COVID-19; VACCINE; ASSOCIATION; PRETERM; BIRTH;

D O I：

10.1093/cid/ciac793

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

100102 ;

摘要：

Background Pregnant persons are at increased risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and adverse obstetric outcomes. Understanding maternal antibody response, duration, and transplacental transfer after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and COVID-19 vaccination is important to inform public health recommendations. Methods This prospective observational cohort study included 351 pregnant people who had SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy. Immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM to SARS-CoV-2 S1 receptor binding domain were measured in maternal and cord blood. Antibody levels and transplacental transfer ratios were compared across (1) disease severity for those with SARS-CoV-2 infection and (2) infection versus vaccination. Results There were 252 individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection and 99 who received COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy. Birthing people with more severe SARS-CoV-2 infection had higher maternal and cord blood IgG levels (P = .0001, P = .0001). Median IgG transfer ratio was 0.87-1.2. Maternal and cord blood IgG were higher after vaccination than infection (P = .001, P = .001). Transfer ratio was higher after 90 days in the vaccinated group (P < .001). Modeling showed higher amplitude and half-life of maternal IgG following vaccination (P < .0001). There were no significant differences by fetal sex. Conclusions COVID-19 vaccination in pregnancy leads to higher and longer lasting maternal IgG levels, higher cord blood IgG, and higher transfer ratio after 90 days compared with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Greater infection severity leads to higher maternal and cord blood antibodies. Maternal IgG decreases over time following both vaccination and infection, reinforcing the importance of vaccination, even after infection, and vaccine boosters for pregnant patients. There are higher and longer lasting antibodies in pregnant persons and higher antibody levels in cord blood after COVID-19 vaccination compared with SARS-CoV-2 infection, especially in cases of lower disease severity. Antibody levels wane over time following vaccination and infection.

引用

页码：220 / 228

页数：9

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