Pegylated Recombinant Human Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Affects the Peripheral Blood T Lymphocyte Subsets and the Short-Term Efficacy of Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 85% of all lung cancer with poor efficacy of the advanced NSCLC and 5-year survival rate of about 5%. In recent years, Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICIs) therapy has become a first-line treatment for NSCLC patients with non-Sensitive driver mutations, but only a small number of patients can benefit from the treatment of the disease hence it may be of great significance to improving the effectiveness of NSCLC. From January 2021 to October 2022, a retrospective study of 80 cases of patients with advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer in Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital was divided into 40 cases of the trial group and 40 in the control group, both groups were treated with chemotherapy and tislelizumab. The trial group was treated with PEG-rhG-CSF after the end of each cycle of therapy 24-48 h. The control group did not receive prophylactic PEG-rhG-CSF at the end of each treatment cycle, and rhG-CSF was only used when neutropenia was reduced. Analyze T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood, and the short-term efficacy before and after the treatment. Compared with the control group, the proportions of CD3+T,CD4+T, absolute lymphocyte and CD4+/CD8+ ratio in the trial group had increased significantly (p < 0.05), after 1 cycle and 2cycles treatment. Compared with the pre-treatment, the proportions of CD3+T, CD4+T, CD4+/CD8+ ratio and absolute lymphocyte in the trial group were significantly increased after 1 cycle and 2 cycles of treatment (p < 0.05),whereas there was a not significant change in CD3+T,CD4+T,CD8+,CD4+/CD8+ ratio, monocytes and lymphocytes in the control group. The disease control rate of the trial group was 87.5%, significantly higher than the 67.5% of the control group (p = 0.032). PEGrhG-CSF can regulate the distribution of peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets in patients with advanced NSCLC who have received chemotherapy combined with immunotherapy, significantly increase the proportion of peripheral blood CD3+T cells, CD4+T cells, and absolute lymphocyte count, and significantly improve the disease control rate.